In 1943, in order to store the most dangerous waste, Hanford's engineers built 170 gigantic concrete tanks, each large enough to contain a building. These were then buried to reduce risk. It was supposed to be temporary storage. Sadly, engineers discovered in the 1980s that 60 of the tanks were leaking, contaminating the groundwater. Today there remain 200 million litres of highly radioactive gunge that must be rapidly neutralised. Camera inside the tanks allow us to see it. The task is a huge technological challenge. A factory that will trap the waste in glass is being built. Meanwhile under the tanks, radioactive conamination continues.
Even though we're living in the desert and there's only 15 cm of rainfall per year, So for hundreds and thousands of years, the ground water near the site will remain toxic. There are chemical products from the reactors running into the river. Primary chromium. This will affect salmon breeding grounds. They lay their eggs on the bed, the chromium comes up and surrounds the eggs before mixing into the water. And this is toxic to the baby fish. Alan Boldt's rears are far from imaginary.
In 2002 an official report for the US Department of Energy confirmed the presense of radioactive strontium-90 in Columbia river fish. 13 out of 15 fish caught are contaminated. Eating them regularly raises the chances of cancer. We want a scientific report onthe river pollution. With us is Bruno Chareyron, a nuclear physicist. He works for CRIIRAD, an independent lab for research and information on radioactivity. Also with us is American scientist Norm Buske. He had already studied vegetal contamination in Hanford. This is the most contaminated place in the Western Hemisphere. And as you can see, there is no problem. As you say, Tom, they've changed the bank here. They've done some landfill here.The last time Norm came to take samples, the US Department of Energy was far from happy. He was arrested by security guars. The contaminated trees were cut down. The bank was covered with stones. In fact everything is hidden. We're not measuring anything abnormal. The counter is measuring the stones.
Bruno finds a spot where it's still possible to take a soil sample. At the CRIIRAD lab, the scientists analyse the soil and water of the Columbia river. What did they find on the Hanford site in the USA? The 2 samples of the 300 zone show two things. One, tritium contamination of the Columbia river. 13 Eq per liter, where as higher up, it's less than than 2.5 Bq per littre. And two unnaturally high uranium contamination. There's four times more uranium than radium, which is abnormal. So this uranium is tied to the site's operation. And europium-152, an artificial element. The Hanford site admits that the tritium contamination exceeds the fit for drinking limits by an underground water surface of 121 km2. In other words this site continues to permanently leak, to drag radioactive elements in those waters that slowly migrate to the Columbia River. Because for some elements, iodine-129 and technetium-99, there is no working decontamination method.
From 1945, to keep up with the Americans in the arms race, the Soviet Union built a dozen atomic sites. For over 30 years, zero information crossed the Iron Curtain. In 1976, Soviet dissident Jaures Medvedev revealed a past nuclear accident in Urals, a Chernobyl before its time. In 1957, one of the nuclear waste storage tanks exploded. The same as those at Hanford. For 20 years, silence was kept. When Mededev told the story, Western scientists didn't believe him. Why do you think people refuse to believe you? Oh because in 1976, all the countries in the West were faced with the choice to develop nuclear energy. And suddenly we exposed this problem of nuclear waste, explosions and contamination. To answer what we had said, they decided to call it a KGB plot hatched to scare the people of the West. The head of the UK nuclear industry state that our claims were impossible. The CIA knew it was true but it a secret. Probably for the same reason they didn't want to cause problems for the nuclear industry. They'd been advised to say nothing that could harm nuclear power. But the nuclear waste problem still exists. In Japan, in the UK, France, America, Russia, and a few more countries. And how they deal with thier waste, we don't know.
We head to Russia. The 1957 happened in the region of Chelybinsk in the Urals. Details about the explosion are rare, and for good reason. Hidden by the CIA, the Russians and the whole nuclear industry, the accident showed that radioactive waste was not only a pollutants but also explosive. Since 1946, the nuclear site of Mayak has made Russian atomic bombs. It could be Hanford's twin. The town is prohinited to foreigners. For a long time, it was off the map and was given various code names. The tank that exploded in 1957 was close to this secret town. Today it remains inaccessible. To understand the consequences of the disaster, we go to Tatarskaia, a village hit heavily by radioactive fallout. Gulshara Ismagilova was 12 on the day of the accident. On that 29 September 1957, 1500 school children were in the fields helping the workers of the kolkhoz. What were you told at the time? On the 29th the wholw school was in the fields. All of a sudden, around 4 p.m., we heard an explosion. All the old folk who had survived the war thought a new war had started, so much the ground shook. Then near the village of Karabolka, the sky turned black, as if it were dirty. And this blackness covered the entire sky.
The villagers had no idea that a tank of highly radioactive nuclear waste had just exploded due to the failure of a cooling unit. The explosion was the equivalent to that of 75 tons of TNT. Radio-elements were projected 1 km into the sky, contaminating close to 15,000 km, 200 people were killed by the blast and 270,000 were exposed to radiation. This nuclear accident was the worst ever before Chernobyl, yet it remained a secret. Two day later, the workers brought the children to harvest the field again. They made us line up and told us the Kolkhoz needed us for the harvest. They even asked the first graders to join us. When we arrived, we saw that tractors had dug up ditches. The peasants in charge of the pupils told us, "See that pile of potatoes? Throw the lot in the ditches." And that was it. Our teachers asked why we had buried the harvest. They were told it couldn't be eaten: it was contaminated. But by what no one said. We are unable to find a detailed report on the disaster. Studies exist, but nothing proves their reliability, and there is no public cancer register to show the impact on health. The region is marked by the event. 800 km of contaminated land is closed off.The Mayak site and its activities remain a secret.
Here's some footage filmed by some reporters in the 1990s. The transparency of perestroika gained them access to the site. what they discovered was apocalyptic. Since opening, the plutonium plants of this huge military complex have dumped waste in the lake, transformed into a vast open-air reservior. Lake Karachay is now so dangerous, the authorities decided to fill it ina trick task with commentary by a reporter from ITN. We're taking a load of rocks down to the dump at Lake Karachay. The windows roof and sides of this truck are shielded with 5 tons of lead. Despite this, we've been told that to get to the lake and unload, we only have 12 minutes, because the radiation is so high. Lake Karachay is one of the planet's most radioactive locations. When the crew approaches the liquid, radiation is so strong they must take no more than 3 minutes to unload. Hope we don't break down! Today, Lake Karachay has been filled. To store waste still produced by the complex, engineers have dug even deeper lakes. These are still open-air radioactive reserviors but more diluted.
Female Body Fitness
There is a big difference between men and women when they work out. Men ofcus on developing the size of their muscles, woman focus on maintaining their feminine beauty while developing their muscular beauty at the same time. Such differences can be satisfiled by different ranges of motion. For men, short motion ranges are more effective in making muscle size bigger. And women should use long motion ranges to keep their muscles beautiful and develop them further. Also speed is an important difference. Fast workout is helpful to make muscles bigger, while slow workout is good for women. In body fitness competitions, the waist is the key in winning game. This is because women's body beauty cannot be made with a thick waist, so making big and clear abs without making the waist thicker is important.
Success as a professional body fitness athlete can be accomplished by maximizing the feminine beauty while developing their muscles. Many people pointed out lower body and if your lower body are a bit thick. This is due to genetic factors and also because you did belly dance for a long time so your hip joint were abused. Because of those abused joints You couldn't work out your lower body intensively as a result, at the competition your upper and lower body were not well balanced. Developing your lower body will be important issue to you in the future. If your waist are long, so don't think that is a disadvantage. Instead you will keep the waist thin and develop clear abs. This will be a unique beauty. And you should make more efforts to seperate general body muscles.
If your hip and legs are definitely disadvantages. You need intensive and significant work out. But later it can be a big advantage. This is because, generally women have wide and thin pelvis but you has a narrow and thick pelvis, It's so unique, so this can be your advantage in the long run. Because if an athlete has a thick pelvis, side and back posing which are weak points for most of athletes can be their strengths. It is a very big challenge for you to make current disadvantage into a future advantage. And still believe it can be done.
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